SENTENCE
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Меня зовут Исабель.
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CORRECTION
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Меня́ зову́т Исабель.
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This sentence is correct.
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SENTENCE
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Я двадцать один лет.
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CORRECTION
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Мне два́дцать оди́н год.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
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When we specify someone’s age, the pronoun or the person’s name must be put in the Dative form:
- мне два́дцать лет – I’m 20 years old
- тебе́ два́дцать лет – you are 20 years old (informal)
- нам два́дцать лет – we are 20 years old
- вам два́дцать лет – you are 20 years old (addressing several people)
- Вам два́дцать лет – you are 20 years old (politely)
- ему́ два́дцать лет – he is 20 years old
- ей два́дцать лет – she is 20 years old
- им два́дцать лет – they are 20 years old
Please, watch this lesson for more detail: HOW TO SAY "HOW OLD ARE YOU?" IN RUSSIAN.
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If the corresponding number ends in “1” (for example, “1”, “21”, “31”), we use the singular form “год”:
- оди́н год – 1 year
- два́дцать оди́н год – 21 years
- тридцать оди́н год – 31 years
In other cases we use “го́да” or “лет” depending on the number. More information here: THE WORD “ГОД” (YEAR) WITH NUMBERS.
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SENTENCE
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Я – студент.
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CORRECTION
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Я студе́нтка.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
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As a rule, we don’t put the dash after personal pronouns. Compare, for example:
- Анто́н – студе́нт (Anton is a student).
Here we put the dash in the place of the verb “to be” for separating two nouns: “Анто́н” and “студе́нт”.
But:
- Я студе́нт (I am a student).
Here we don’t put the dash, because “я” is not a noun (but a personal pronoun).
I explain this rule in detail in this video lesson: VERB “TO BE” IN THE PRESENT TENSE.
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Besides that, “студе́нт” is a MALE student in Russian. “A female student” is “студе́нтка”. So you should have said:
Я студе́нтка.
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SENTENCE
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Я живу в Мексика.
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CORRECTION
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Я живу́ в Ме́ксике.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
When the preposition “в” indicates a place, it’s used with the Prepositional case. To form the Prepositional Case, you should replace the noun ending in accordance with the following rule:
- -а → -е:
Ме́ксика (Mexico) → в Ме́ксике (in Mexico)
- -ия → -ии:
Росси́я (Russia) → в Росси́и (in Russia)
- consonant → consonant + -е:
Мадри́д (Madrid) → в Мадри́де (in Madrid)
These are the most used patterns. You can also see some other ones in this lesson: HOW TO SPECIFY THE PLACE YOU LIVE IN.
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SENTENCE
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Я говорю по испанский и по английский.
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CORRECTION
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Я говорю́ по-испа́нски и по-англи́йски.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
To say something like “I speak Russian”, “How to say it in Russian?”, “He wrote it in Russian”, we usually use adverbs consisting of the prefix по- and the adjective (indicating the language) without the final “-й”:
- ру́сский → по-ру́сски (with the dash)
- англи́йский → по-англи́йски
- неме́цкий → по-неме́цки
For example:
- Он хорошо́ пи́шет по-ру́сски. – He writes well in Russian.
- Я не говорю́ по-неме́цки. – I don’t speak German.
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SENTENCE
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Я тоже говорю немного по русский.
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CORRECTION
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Я та́кже говорю́ немно́го по-ру́сски.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
“Я ТО́ЖЕ немно́го говорю́ по-ру́сски” means, that someone speaks Russian and you speak Russian TOO.
If you want to say, that besides other languages you ALSO speak Russian, you should use the word “та́кже”:
- Я ТА́КЖЕ немно́го говорю́ по-ру́сски. – I ALSO speak a little Russian.
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SENTENCE
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У меня есть зелёные глаза и чёрные волосы.
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CORRECTION
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У меня́ зелёные глаза́ и чёрные во́лосы.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
When we are talking about the objects that always exist (head, eyes, hair, arms, legs etc.), we usually omit “есть”:
- У меня́ зелёные глаза́. – I have green eyes.
But if you want to emphasize that unlike someone else you DO have green eyes, you may add the “есть” in your sentence:
- У меня́ есть зелёные глаза́, а у тебя́ их нет. – I (do) have green eyes, but you don’t have them.
This topic is explained in detail in the following video lesson: OMISSION OF “ЕСТЬ”.
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SENTENCE
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Я любю петь и танцевать.
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CORRECTION
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Я люблю́ петь и танцева́ть.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
Verbs ending in -бить, -вить, -пить, -мить have the following feature: in the 1st person singular (the form “я”) the following consonant alternations occur:
- б → бл
- в → вл
- п → вл
- м → мл
For example:
- люби́ть – to love, to like
я люблю́ – I love, I like
- лови́ть – to catch
я ловлю́ – I catch
- корми́ть – to feed
я кормлю́ – I feed
In other forms the stem is not changed:
- ты лю́бишь – you love/like
- он лю́бит – he loves/likes
- мы ло́вим – we catch
- они́ ко́рмят – they feed
Other consonant alternations are examined in this lesson:
VERBS ENDING IN -ИТЬ (CONSONANT ALTERNATIONS).
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SENTENCE
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Извините если я сделал много ошибки.
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CORRECTION
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Извини́те, е́сли я сде́лала мно́го оши́бок.
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NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS:
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“сде́лал” is the masculine form of the past tense:
- я сде́лал – I did / I’ve done (says a male person)
- ты сде́лал – you did / you’ve done (is said to a male person)
- он сде́лал – he did / he’s done
The feminine form is “сде́лала”:
- я сде́лала – I did / I’ve done (says a female person)
- ты сде́лала – you did / you’ve done (is said to a female person)
- она́ сде́лала – she did / she’s done
The neuter form is “сде́лало”. It’s used with neuter gender nouns. For example, дитя́ (child, baby) :
- дитя́ сде́лало – the baby did / the baby has done
The plural form (for all persons and genders) is “сде́лали”:
- мы сде́лали – we did / we’ve done
- вы сде́лали – you all did / you all have done
- они́ сде́лали – they did / they have done
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When we use nouns with such words as мно́го (many, much), ма́ло (few, little), немно́го (a little), не́сколько (a few), сто́лько (so many, so much), ско́лько (how many, how much), we put these nouns in the Genitive case.
Countable nouns are used in the Genitive Plural form:
- мно́го оши́бок – many mistakes
- мно́го друзе́й – many friends
Uncountable ones are used in the Genitive Singular form:
- мно́го воды́ – much water
- мно́го еды́ – much food
You can see the rules of the Genitive case formation in these video lessons:
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